Reports of him, Peace be on him, Mentioning and Knowing about the Event (of his Death) before its Occurrence.

                [It is reported on the authority of `Ali b. al-Mundhir al-Tariqi, on the authority of Abu al-Fadl al-`AbdT, on the authority of Fitr, on the authority of Abu Tufayl `Amir b. Wathila, may God be pleased with him,'who said:]'

                The Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, gathered the people for the pledge of allegiance. `Abd al-Rahman b. Muljam alMurSdi, may God curse him, came but he (i.e. 'Ali) refused to accept his (pledge of allegiance) twice or three times. Then he (let him) make his pledge of allegiance to him. When he did so, he (i.e. 'All) said to him: "What prevents the most wretched person of the community (from doing his wicked deed now)? For I swear by Him in Whose hand is my life, you will colour this (with blood) from this." And he put his hand on his beard and his head.

                When Ibn Muljam withdrew and left him, he, peace be on him, recited the following:

Stiffen your breast for death. Indeed death will meet you. Do not show grief at death, when it arrives in your valley.

[It is related from al-Hasan b. Mahbub, on the authority of

Abu Uamza al-Thumali, on the authority of Abu Ishaq al-Sabi 1, on the authority of al-Asbagh b. Nubata, who said:]

                Ibn Muljam came to the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, and pledged allegiance to him with the (others) who pledged their allegiance, and withdrew from him. Then the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, called him back and warned him to be trustworthy and to be sure that he was not treacherous and did not break his oath. He did that (i.e. promised to keep his word). Then he withdrew. A second time the Commander of the faithful called him (back) and warned him to be trustworthy and to be sure that he was not treacherous and did not break his oath. Ibn Muljam, may God curse him, said: "By God, O Commander of the faithful, I have not seen you do this with anyone else except me."

                Then the Commander of the faithful said:

I want his friendship and he wants my death. The one who makes excuses to you is one of your bosom friends from (the tribe of) Murad.2

                (Then the Commander of the faithful continued): "Go, Ibn Muljam, I do not think that you will keep your word."

                [It is related from Ja'far b. Sulayman al-Dab'i, on the authority of al-Mu'alla b. Ziyad, who said:]

                `Abd al-Rahman b. Muljam, may God curse him, came to the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, to ask to be provided with a horse.

                "O Commander of the faithful," he said, "provide me with a

                horse." The Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, turned

                toward him and then said to him, "You are `Abd al-Rahman b.

Muljam al-Muradi?"                 `

                "Yes," he replied.

                "Ghazwan," called (the Commander of the faithful), "provide him with the roan."

                That man came with a roan horse and Ibn Muljam, may God curse him, mounted it and took its reins. When he had gone away, the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him said:

I want his friendship and he wants my death. The one who makes excuses to you is one of your bosom friends from (the tribe of) Murad.

                When he did what he did and struck the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, he was captured after he came out of the mosque and then brought to the Commander of the faithful. The latter said to him: "I have treated you as I have done, even though I knew that you would be my murderer. Yet, I treated you that way in order to seek God's support against you."

                There are other reports in which he, peace be on him, announces his own death to his family and companions before his murder.

                [Abu Zayd al-Ahwal reported on the authority of al-Ajlah, on the authority of the shaykhs of Kinda whom al-Ajlah said he heard say more than twenty times:]

                'Ali said on the pulpit: "What prevents the most wretched person of the community dyeing this red with blood from above it? And he, peace be on him, put his hand on his beard.

                ['Alf b. al-Hazawwar on the authority of al-Asbagh b. Nubata, who said:]

                `Ali preached in the month in which he was killed and he said: "The month of Ramadan has come to you. It is the lord of the months, and foremost of the year. In it the mill of authority makes a (new) turn and you will make the pilgrimage of the (new) year in one rank (i.e. without an Imam to lead you). The sign of that will be that I will no longer be among you."

                [A1-Asbagh added:] He was announcing his own death but we did not understand.

                [It is related from al-Fadl b. Dukayn, on the authority of Hayyan b. al= Abbas, on the authority of `Uthman b. al-Mughira who said:]

                When the month of Ramadan began, the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, had supper one evening with al-Hasan, one evening with al-Husayn, peace be on them, and one evening with

`Abd Allah b. al= Abbas. He never had more than three mouthfuls (of food). One of those nights he was asked about that, he replied: "(I would rather) the decision of God come to me while I was hungry." It was only a night of two nights later when he, peace be on him, was struck towards the end of the night.

                [Isma`il b. Ziyad reported, on the authority of Umm Musa, a woman servant of `Ali, peace be on him, and the wet-nurse of his daughter, peace be on her, who told me:]

                'Alf, peace be on him, said to his daughter, Umm Kulthum,: "O my little daughter, little time is left for me to be with you."

                "Why is that, father?" she asked.

                "I have seen the Apostle of God, may God bless him and his family, in my sleep," he replied. "He was rubbing the dust from my face and saying: ` O `AIT, do not be concerned, you have accomplished what you had to.' "

                Only three days later he was struck by that blow. Umm Kulthum cried aloud (with sorrow).

                "Don't do that, my daughter," he said. "For I see the Apostle of God, may God bless him and his family, pointing to me with his hand and saying: `O 'Ali, come to us, for what we have is better for you.' "

                rAmmar al-Duhni reported on the authority of Abu Salih alHanafi, who said:]

                I heard 'Ali, peace be on him, saying: "I saw the Prophet, may God bless him and his family, in my sleep and I complained to him about the trouble and quarrelling which I had met from his community. Then I wept. He said:.`Don't weep, `All, but turn around.' I turned around. Behold, there were two fettered men, and then their heads were crushed by stones."'

                [Abu Salih added:] I went to him in the morning as I had done every morning, and when I got to the (area of) the butchers I met the people who were saying: "The Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, has been killed."

                rAbd Allih b. Musa related, on the authority of al-Hasan b. Dinar, on the authority of al-Hasan al-Basri, who said:]

                The Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, stayed up awake during the night on the morning of which he was killed and he did not go out to the mosque for the night prayer as was his custom. His daughter, Umm Kulthum, the mercy of God be on her, asked him: "What has kept you awake?"

                "I will be killed, if I go out in the morning," he replied.

                Then Ibn al-Nabbqh came to him and summoned him to the prayer. He walked out a little way then returned. Umm Kulthum said to him: "Tell Ja'da to pray with the people."

                "Yes, tell Ja'da to perform the prayer with the people," he answered. But then he said: "There is no escape from the appointed time."

                He went out to the mosque and there was the man who had spent the whole night lying in wait for him. However, when it had become cold in the early morning before dawn, he had fallen asleep. Now, the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, moved him with his foot and said to him: "The prayer."

The man got up and struck him.

[In another account:]

                The Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, spent that night awake and he frequently went out and looked up to the sky, saying: "By God, I have not lied nor have I been lied to. It is the night which I was promised."

                Then he went back to his bed. When dawn rose, he put on his waistcloth (izdr) and went out saying:

Stiffen your breast for death. Indeed death will meet you.

Do not show grief at death when it arrives in your valley.

                When he reached the courtyard of his house, the geese met him and hooted in his face. (The people) began to drive them away but he said: "Leave them, they are those who wail (for my death)."

            He, peace be on him, went out and was struck down.

- The book of Guidance. by Shaykh al-Mufid.

Reports which have come down of the Motive for his Murder and how the Event occurred.

                [What is reported by a group of historians (ahl al-siyar),including Abu Mikhnaf, Ismail b. Rashid, Abu Hashim al-Rifa`i, Abu `Amr al-Thaqafi and others who relate:]'

                A group of the Kharijites gathered at Mecca and they mentioned the leaders (of the people) and blamed them and their actions. They mentioned the people of al-Nahrawan and they asked God's mercy for them. Then they said to each other: "If (only) we devoted ourselves to God, and went to the leaders (Imams) of error (dalal) and sought a moment when they were inattentive and then rid the country and men of them for the sake of God, and also avenged our brothers, the martyrs of al-Nahrawan."

                They made a compact to do that after performing the pilgrimage. `Abd al-Rahmin b. Muljam, may God curse him, said: "I'll take care of (killing) `Ali for you."

                Al-Burak b. `Abd Allih al-Tamirni said: "I will take care of (killing) Mu'awiya for you."

                `Amr b. Bakr al-Tamimi said: "I will take care of (killing) `Amr b. al--`As for you."

                They made a compact to do that and bound themselves to its fulfilment. They agreed (to carry it out) on the night of the nineteenth of the month of Ramadan. On that they separated.

                Ibn Muljam, may God curse him, set out - he was numbered among Kinda - until he came to Kufa. There he met his colleagues. But he kept his task secret from them out of fear that something of it might get spread around. The situation was like this when one day he visited one of his colleagues from Taym al-Rabab. At this man's house he met by chance Qatam, daughter of al-Akhdar of Taym. The Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, had killed her father and brother at al-Nahrawan. She was (also) one of the most beautiful of the women of her time. When Ibn Muljam, may God curse him, saw her, he fell in love with her and his admiration of her became very intense. He asked to marry her and became engaged to her. Then she said to him: "What dowry do you suggest for me?"

                "Make your decision on that," he answered.

                "I have decided," she said, "that you should (give me three thousand dirhams, a young serving boy, a servant and the murder of 'Ali b. Abi Talib."

                "You can have all you asked for," he replied. "But as for the murder of 'Alf b. Abi Talib, how can I do that?"

                "You should look (for a time) when he is careless," she said. "If you kill him, I will cure myself (of my obsession against him) and life with me will be a pleasure for you. If you are killed, God has nothing in this world which is better for you (than such a death)."

                "The only thing which has brought me to this town (misr), "he said, "when I was a fugitive from it and could find no protection with its inhabitants, was to kill 'Ali b. Abi Talib, which you have asked me for. So you will have what you have asked for."

                "I have been looking for someone to help you and strengthen you in that (undertaking)," she said. Then she went to Wardan b. Mujalid (another) from Taym al-Rabab. She gave him the information and asked help for Ibn Muljam, may God curse him. He undertook to share responsibility for that for her.

                Then Ibn Muljam, may God curse him, went out and came to a man from Ashja` called Shabib b. Bajura and said to him: "Shabib, would you like nobility (sharaJ) in this world and the next life?"

                "What is that?" he asked.

                "Will you help me to kill 'Ali b. Abi Talib?"

                Shab-b was one who held the view of the Kharijites, so he said to Ibn Muljam: "May a wailing woman wail for you (at your death), Ibn Muljam. For you have come to something which is horrific. How will you be able to do it?"

                "We will lie in wait for him in the great mosque," Ibn Muljam, may God curse him, replied. "Then when he comes to the dawn prayer, we will attack him. If we kill him, we will satisfy ourselves and attain our venr,eance."

                He insisted until he agreed and went with him into the great mosque to Qatam, while she was performing the rite of i'tikafs there and put up a tent. They both said to her: "We have reached agreement on killing this man."

                "When you want (to do) that," she said, "come to me in this place."

                Then they left her and waited for several days. They came to her finally on the right of Wednesday, the nineteenth of the month of Ramadan in the year 40 A.H. She ordered some silk which she tied around their chests. They put on their swords, and went out and sat opposite at the door from which the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, would come out to the prayer. However before that, they had told al-Ash'ath b. Qays of the resolution in their spirits to kill the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him. Al-Ash'ath b. Qays, may God curse him, agreed with them in what they had agreed upon.

                Hujr b. `Adi, may God have mercy on him, was (also) spending that night in the mosque. He overheard al-Ash'ath saying to Ibn Muljam:

                "Hurry, hurry to your task, for dawn is beginning to appear."

                Hujr perceived the intention of al-Ash'ath and said to him: "You are going to kill him, you one-eyed man."

                He left directly to go to the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, and tell him the news to warn him about the group. However, the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, missed him on the way and went into the mosque. Ibn Muljam came to him first and struck him. Hujr approached as the people were crying: "The Commander of the faithful has been killed!"

                [`Abd Allah b. Muhammad al-Azdl has reported:]6

                On that night I was praying in the great mosque with men who were inhabitants of the town. During that month they used to pray from the beginning of the night to the end of it. I looked towards the men who were praying near the door and `All b. Abl Talib, peace be on him, came out for the dawn prayer. He began to call out: "The prayer, the prayer."

                I was hardly aware of the call before I saw the flashing of swords and I heard someone saying: "Judgement belongs to God, `All, not to you and your companions."

                Then I heard `All, peace be on him, saying: "Don't let the man escape from you."

                Then `Ali, peace be on him, was struck and Shabib b. Bajura came to strike him but he missed him, and his blow fell on air. The group fled towards the gates of the mosque and the people rushed to seize them.

                A man caught Shabib b. Bajura, knocked him down and sat on his chest and took his sword to kill him with it. When he saw the people rushing towards him, he was afraid that they would act precipitantly against him without listening to him. Therefore he jumped off him and let him go and threw the sword from his hand. Shabib made his escape to his house-Then his paternal cousin came to him. He saw him untying the silk cloth from his breast and said: "What is that? Perhaps (it was) you (who) killed the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him." (Shabib) meant to say `no' but he said "yes". His cousin went away and put on his sword. Then he went to (Shabib) (again) and struck him with it until he killed him.

                One of the men from Hamdan followed Ibn Muljam, may God curse him. He flung his cloak over what was in Ibn Muljam's hand and took his sword from him. Then he took him to the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him. In the meantime the third had escaped and dodged among the people.

                When Ibn Muljam, may God curse him, was brought before the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, the latter looked at him and said: "A life for a life. If I die, kill him as he killed me. If I live, I will consider my judgement on him."

                "By God", said Ibn Muljam, may God curse him, "I have bought his life for a thousand lives. I have plotted against him for a thousand lives. If he has betrayed me, then may God destroy him."

                "Enemy of God," cried out Umm Kulthum, "you have killed the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him."

                "I have killed only your father," he retorted.

                "Enemy of God," she cried, "I hope that there is no danger for him."

                "I think you are only crying for `Ali," he replied. "Indeed, by God, I struck him. If I had been divided among the people of the land, I should have destroyed them."

                Then he was taken from his presence, peace be on him, while the people (wanted) to tear his flesh with their teeth as if they were wild beasts. They were crying out: "O enemy of God, what have you done? You have destroyed the community of Muhammad, may God bless him and his family. You have killed the best of people."

                He was silent and did not speak. He was taken to the prison.' Then the people went to the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, and said: "Commander of the faithful, give us your order about the enemy of God. For he has destroyed the community, and corrupted the faith."

                "If I live," answered the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, "then I will consider my judgement on him. But if I die then do to him what the Prophet did with a murderer. Kill him and after that burn him in a fire."

                When the Commander of the faithful, peace be on him, died (the people) wept for him. (After) his family had finished his burial, alHasan, peace be on him, sat in council and ordered Ibn Muljam to be brought to him. He was brought to him and when he stood before him (al-Hasan) said: "O enemy of God, you have killed the Commander of the faithful and you have increased corruption in religion."

                Then he ordered him to be beheaded. Umm al-Haytham, daughter of al-Aswad of al-Nakha'a asked to be given his corpse so that she could be in charge of burning it. He gave it to her and he made her burn it in a fire.'

                The poet said about the affair of Qatam and the killing of the Commander of the faithful peace be upon him:

I have never seen a dowry, given by a generous man, like the dowry of Qatim (whether the man was) rich or needy.

(It was) three thousand (dirhams), a slave and a young servant, and the striking of `All with a sharp piercing sword.

(There has been) no dowry more precious - and no violence except that it was less than the violence of Ibn Muljam.9

As for the two men who were in agreement with Ibn Muljam to kill Mu'iwiya and `Amr b. al.`As, the one struck Mu'iwiya while he was bending (in prayer). However his blow was delivered weakly and he was saved from its consequences. The man was seized and killed immediately. As for the other he went (to carry out) his mission that night. However `Amr had felt sick and had put a man in his place to pray with the people; the man was called Kharija b. Ab% Habiba al-`Amir%. He struck with his sword when he thought that it was `Amr. He was seized and taken to `Amr who has him killed. Khirija died on the second day!'

- The book of Guidance. by Shaykh al-Mufid.

Reports about the Place of the Grave of the Commander of the Faithful, Peace be on him, and an Explanantion of the Circumstances of his Burial

                [`Abbid b. Ya'qub al-Rawijini related: Hayyan b. `All al-`Anazi told us: A retainer of `All b. Abi Talib told me:]

                When death was close to the Commander of the faithful he said to al-H_ asan and al-Husayn, peace be on them: "When I die, you two put me on my bier. Then take me out and carry (me) in the back of the bier. You two will protect the front of it. Then bring me to alGhariyyayn. You will see a white rock shining with light. Dig there and you will find a shield and bury me at it."

                When he died, we took him out and began to carry him on the back of the bier while we guarded the front of it. We began to hear a rustling and whistling of the wind until we came to al-Ghariyyayn. Behold! There was a white rock whose light was shining. We dug there and behold, there was a shield on which was written: "This is one of the things which Noah has stored for 'Alf b. AbT Tilib." We buried him there and went away. We were happy at God's mark of honour to the Commander of the faithful. A group of the Shi'a followed us but they had not witnessed the prayer performed for him. We told them about what had happened and about God's mark of honour to the Commander of the faithful.

                Then they said: "We would like to see what you have seen of his affair."

                "Traces of the place have been removed according to his bequest," we told them.

                They kept coming back and forth to us and they told us that they had dug but could not find anything.

                [Muhammad b. `Umira related: Jabir b. Yazid al-Ju'fi told me:]

                I asked Abu Ja'far Muhammad b. 'Ali al-Baqir where the Commander of the faithful was buried.

                "He is buried," he answered, "in the region of al-Ghariyyayn. He was buried before the dawn rose and al-Hasan, al-Husayn, peace be on them, and Muhammad, the sons of 'Ali, and `Abd Allah b. Ja'far, may God be pleased with him, went into his grave."

                [Ya'qub b. Yazid reported on the authority of Ibn AN `Umayr, on the authority of his men:]"

                AI-Husayn b. `All, peace be on them, was asked: "Where did you bury the Commander of the faithful?" He answered: "We went out with him at night past the Mosque of al-Ash'ath until we brought him out on the upper ground beside al-Ghariyyayn. We buried him there."

                [Muhammad b. Zakariyya reported: Abd Allah b. Muhammad told us on the authority of Ibn `A'isha, who said: `Abd Allah b. Hazim told me:]

. We went out from Ufa one day with (Harun) al-Rash-id to hunt. We came to the region of al-Ghariyyayn and al-Thawiyya. Then we saw some gazelle. We sent the falcons and dogs after them. They raced after them for an hour but then the gazelle took refuge in a hill. They stopped chasing them; the falcons flew down to the ground and the dogs came back. Al-Rash-id was amazed at that. Then the gazelles came down from the hill, and the falcons and dogs descended towards them. The gazelle returned to the hill, and the falcons and dogs came away from them. That happened three times.

                Then Harun al-Rash-id said: "Hurry and bring me whoever you meet."

We brought him an old man (shaykh) of the Banu Asad. Harun

asked him: "Tell me what this hill is."

                "I will tell you, if you grant me a pledge of security," he replied.

                "You may have the compact of God and His guarantee that I will not be roused against you and harm you," said Harun.

                "My father reported to me_from his father," said the old man, "that they used to say that in this hill was the grave of `Ali b. Abl Talib, and that God has made it a sanctuary (haram) so that whatever seeks refuge there will be safe."

                Harun got down and called for water. Then he made ritual ablutions and performed the prayer at the hill. He rolled in the ground there and began to weep. Then we left.

                My mind could not accept that. Some days later I made the pilgrimage to Mecca. I saw there Yasir, one of al-Rash-id's men. He used to sit with us. When we had made the tawwaf (circumambulation of the Ka'ba), the- conversation went on until he said:

                Al-Rashiri said to me one night when we had come from Mecca and stopped at Kufa: "Tell `Isa b. Ja'far to come riding with me."

                I rode with them both until we came to al-Ghariyyayn. `Isa threw himself down and slept. But al-Rashld went to the hill and prayed there. Whenever he performed two rak'as he called out, wept and

rolled in the ground of the hill. Then he said: "O cousin, I know your outstanding merit fadl), and your precedence (in Islam). By God, you have sat in my majlis (council) while I was there and you were what you were: but your descendants are harming me and revolting against me."

                After this he stood and prayed two rak'as, then he began speaking again, calling out and weeping until it was daybreak. Then he said: "Yasir, wake `Isa." I woke him and he said to him: "ISA, wake up and pray at the grave of your cousin."

                "What cousin of mine is this?" asked `Isa.

                "This is the grave of `Ali b. `Abi Talib," he replied.

                Then `Isa made his ritual ablutions and stood up to pray. He did not stop doing that until the dawn arose. Then I said: "O Commander of the faithful, morning has come." So we rode off and returned to Kufa.

- The book of Guidance. by Shaykh al-Mufid.